A peripheral nerve tumor is an abnormal growth of cells in or around the peripheral nerves, which are the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord. These tumors can be benign, such as schwannomas and neurofibromas, or malignant, such as malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs). The symptoms of a peripheral nerve tumor depend on the size, type, and location of the tumor, but can include pain, numbness, tingling, and muscle weakness in the affected area. In some cases, tumors may cause visible lumps along the course of a nerve.

Diagnosis involves a combination of clinical evaluation, imaging studies such as MRI or CT scans, and possibly a biopsy to determine the type of tumor. Treatment options vary depending on the tumor's type and may include observation, surgical removal, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy. For benign tumors, complete surgical removal can often alleviate symptoms and prevent recurrence, while malignant tumors may require more aggressive treatment. Early diagnosis and treatment are important to improve outcomes and prevent potential nerve damage and complications.